Types of Bolts
In the Philippines, a wide range of bolt types is available to cater to various construction needs and applications.
- Anchor Bolts for Cast-in-Place: These anchor bolts come in different shapes and configurations to accommodate specific design requirements. The options include L-shape, straight type, full-threaded type, J-type, 1-side type, and 2-threaded type. The choice of anchor bolt shape depends on the specific design specifications.
- Anchor Bolts for Post-Installed Anchoring: For post-installed anchoring, there are two primary options: Chemical Anchoring and Mechanical Anchoring.
- Chemical Anchoring: Chemical anchoring involves the use of epoxy anchors. Epoxy anchor systems provide a strong and reliable bond between the anchor and the concrete substrate. They are commonly used for their high load-bearing capacity and excellent durability.
- Mechanical Anchoring: Mechanical anchors, also known as expansion anchors, are another type of post-installed anchoring method. These anchors rely on mechanical expansion within the concrete to provide secure attachment. They are available in various designs, including wedge anchors, sleeve anchors, and drop-in anchors.
- Hexagonal bolts, commonly known as hex bolts or hex head bolts, are a type of fastener with a hexagonal head and a threaded shaft. They are widely used in various industries and applications due to their versatility and strength. Hex bolts feature a six-sided head, which is designed to be tightened or loosened using a wrench or a socket. The hexagonal shape provides better grip and torque transfer during installation or removal.Hex bolts have a threaded shaft that allows them to be securely fastened into pre-drilled or threaded holes in materials such as metal, wood, or concrete. The threads may be coarse or fine, depending on the specific application and load requirements.
Diameter and Lengths
Bolts have different diameters and lengths to accommodate the diverse range of applications and requirements in various industries and construction projects. The selection of the appropriate diameter and length of a bolt is crucial for ensuring secure and reliable fastening.
Diameter: The diameter of a bolt refers to the measurement across the shank of the bolt, excluding the threads. Bolts come in various diameter sizes, typically measured in inches or millimeters. The diameter affects the strength and load-carrying capacity of the bolt. Larger diameter bolts generally have higher tensile strength and can withstand greater loads. The specific diameter required for a particular application depends on factors such as the structural requirements, material type, and expected loads.
Length: The length of a bolt refers to the measurement from the base of the head to the end of the threaded portion. It determines the grip or engagement length of the bolt within the joint or material being fastened. Choosing the correct bolt length is crucial to ensure proper engagement of the threads and sufficient clamping force. The length should be sufficient to securely fasten the components while allowing for any required clearances or protrusions.
The selection of bolt diameter and length is typically based on engineering calculations, industry standards, and specific design requirements. Factors such as the material thickness, joint type, load distribution, and desired thread engagement play a role in determining the appropriate bolt dimensions. It is important to consult engineering specifications, codes, or professionals to ensure the correct bolt sizing for each application to maintain structural integrity and safety.
Types of Grades and Strength
- Standardization: Grades provide a standardized way to classify bolts based on their strength characteristics. This ensures consistency in the performance and reliability of bolts across different applications and industries.
- Strength Requirements: Different applications have varying strength requirements. By assigning grades to bolts, it becomes easier to select the appropriate bolt with the desired strength level to ensure safe and reliable fastening. Higher grade bolts generally offer higher tensile strength and can withstand greater loads.
- Material Composition: Bolts of different grades may be made from different materials or have specific heat treatment processes to enhance their strength. The grade classification system takes into account the material composition and manufacturing processes to ensure consistent strength properties for bolts of the same grade.
- Structural Applications: In structural engineering and construction, specific grades of bolts are often required to meet the strength and performance standards of the project. Structural bolts, such as Grade A325 and Grade A490, have specific requirements to ensure their suitability for use in structural connections.
| Grades for Bolts | Black Iron | Zinc/Galvanized Iron | Hot Dipped Galvanized | Stainless Steel 304 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A307 | ✔Anchor Bolt | ✔Anchor Bolt ✔Hexbolt (UNC) | ✔Anchor Bolt | x |
| G4.8 | x | x | x | x |
| S45C | ✔Anchor Bolt | ✔Anchor Bolt | ✔Anchor Bolt | x |
| Grade 5 | ✔Hexbolt (UNC) | x | x | x |
| A325 | x | x | ✔Hexbolt (UNC) | x |
| G8.8 | x | x | x | x |
| SCM440 | ✔Anchor Bolt | ✔Anchor Bolt | ✔Anchor Bolt | x |
| A490 | x | x | x | x |
| G10.9 | x | x | x | x |
| SS304 | x | x | x | ✔Anchor Bolt ✔Hexbolt (UNC) |
Types of Coating
Types of Coating for Bolts and Nuts:
1. Black Iron: Black iron coating, also known as black oxide or blackened finish, is achieved through a chemical process that creates a thin layer of black iron oxide on the surface of the bolt or nut. This coating provides a decorative and protective finish, offering moderate corrosion resistance. Black iron coating is commonly used for indoor applications or where moderate protection against rust is required.
2. Galvanized Iron: Galvanized iron coating involves applying a layer of zinc to the surface of the bolt or nut. The zinc coating acts as a sacrificial barrier, protecting the underlying iron or steel from corrosion. Galvanized iron bolts and nuts are widely used in outdoor applications where exposure to moisture and corrosive elements is expected. They provide good corrosion resistance and are available in various thicknesses of zinc coating.
3. Hot-Dipped Galvanized: Hot-dipped galvanizing is a process where bolts and nuts are submerged in molten zinc, ensuring a thicker and more durable coating compared to standard galvanizing. This process creates a strong bond between the zinc and the base metal, offering enhanced corrosion protection. Hot-dipped galvanized bolts and nuts are commonly used in highly corrosive environments, such as marine, coastal, or industrial applications.
Each of these coating types has its advantages and considerations:
– Black Iron: Provides moderate corrosion resistance and a black finish. Suitable for indoor applications or environments with low moisture exposure.
– Galvanized Iron: Offers good corrosion resistance and is suitable for outdoor applications. The thickness of the zinc coating can be customized based on the anticipated environmental conditions.
– Hot-Dipped Galvanized: Provides excellent corrosion resistance and durability. Ideal for use in highly corrosive environments and applications that require long-lasting protection against rust.
When selecting the appropriate coating for bolts and nuts, consider factors such as the application environment, exposure to moisture or chemicals, expected lifespan, and specific industry standards or requirements. Consulting with experts or referring to industry guidelines can help determine the most suitable coating option for your specific needs.
Usage and Applications
Determining the appropriate type of bolts for a specific usage and application involves considering several factors. Here are some steps to help you determine the right type of bolts:
Understand the Application: Start by thoroughly understanding the application requirements. Consider factors such as the load capacity, environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, moisture, corrosion), the type of materials being joined, and any specific industry or regulatory standards that need to be met.
Determine the Bolt Strength Requirement: Assess the required strength for the bolts based on the anticipated load and stress. This will help determine the appropriate grade or strength rating for the bolts. Consider factors such as tensile strength, shear strength, and yield strength.
Consider Bolt Specifications: Review relevant standards and specifications that pertain to the specific application or industry. For example, structural applications often require bolts that meet specific standards such as ASTM A325 or ASTM A490. Ensure that the selected bolts comply with the necessary specifications and regulations.
Evaluate Environmental Factors: Consider the environmental conditions in which the bolts will be used. For example, if the application involves exposure to moisture or corrosive elements, corrosion-resistant coatings or materials like stainless steel or galvanized bolts may be required.
Consult with Experts: If you’re unsure about the specific bolt requirements for your application, it’s recommended to consult with engineers, architects, or industry professionals who have expertise in the relevant field. They can provide valuable guidance and help ensure that the selected bolts are appropriate for the intended use.
Consider Long-Term Maintenance: If the application requires regular maintenance or future disassembly, consider factors such as ease of installation, compatibility with tools, and accessibility for maintenance purposes.
Where to Buy
Seven Tiger PH located at
2510 Severino Reyes St, Tondo, Manila City. Philippines
~~Official Numbers~~
Globe (0966)-200-2764
Globe (0917)-850-0777
Globe (0917)-574-7770
Globe (0945)-711-2322
Smart (0939)-100-9645
Landline: (02) 8461-7187